Appendix C: Extra Material¶
This appendix contains code needed for some exercises.
ajax.html¶
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<script type="text/javascript"
src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4/jquery.min.js">
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function getNonMasqueraded()
{
$("#result").load( "http://www.google.com/robots.txt" );
}
function getMasqueraded()
{
$("#result").load( "/masq/robots.txt" );
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Cross-domain Ajax</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="javascript:getNonMasqueraded();">
Test a non masqueraded cross-domain request
</a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:getMasqueraded();">
Test a masqueraded cross-domain request
</a></li>
</ul>
<h1>Result</h1>
<div id="result"></div>
</body>
</html>
article.php¶
<?php
header("Cache-Control: max-age=10");
$utc = new DateTimeZone("UTC");
$date = new DateTime("now", $utc);
$now = $date->format( DateTime::RFC2822 );
?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head></head>
<body>
<h1>This article is cached for 10 seconds</h1>
<h2>Cache timestamp: <?php echo $now; ?></h2>
<a href="<?=$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']?>">Refresh this page</a>
</body>
</html>
cookies.php¶
<?php
header( 'Content-Type: text/plain' );
print( "The following cookies have been received from the server\n" );
foreach( $_COOKIE as $name => $value )
print( "- ${name} : ${value}\n" );
?>
esi-top.php¶
<?php
header('Content-Type: text/html');
header('Cache-Control: max-age=30, s-maxage=3600');
$utc = new DateTimeZone("UTC");
$date = new DateTime("now", $utc);
$now = $date->format( DateTime::RFC2822 );
$setc = "";
if( isset($_POST['k']) and $_POST['k'] !== '' and
isset($_POST['v']) and $_POST['v'] !== '') {
$k=$_POST['k'];
$v=$_POST['v'];
$setc = "Set-Cookie: $k=$v";
header("$setc");
?><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="1" />
<h1>Refreshing to set cookie <?php print $setc; ?></h1><?php
}
?>
<html><head><title>ESI top page</title></head><body><h1>ESI Test page</h1>
<p>This is content on the top-page of the ESI page.
The top page is cached for 1 hour in Varnish,
but only 30 seconds on the client.</p>
<p>The time when the top-element was created:</p><h3>
<?php echo "$now"; ?>
<h1>Set a cookie:</h1><form action="/esi-top.php" method="POST">
Key: <input type="text" name="k">
Value: <input type="text" name="v">
<input type="submit"> </form>
</h3><p>The top page received the following Cookies:</p><ul>
<?php
foreach( $_COOKIE as $name => $value )
print( "<li>${name} : ${value}</li>\n" );
?>
<table border="1"><tr><td><esi:include src="/esi-user.php" /></td></tr>
</table></body></html>
esi-user.php¶
<?php
header('Content-Type: text/html');
header('Cache-Control: max-age=30, s-maxage=20');
header('Vary: Cookie');
$utc = new DateTimeZone("UTC");
$date = new DateTime("now", $utc);
$now = $date->format( DateTime::RFC2822 );
?>
<p>This is content on the user-specific ESI-include. This part of
the page is cached in Varnish separately since it emits
a "Vary: Cookie"-header. We can not affect the client-cache of
this sub-page, since that is determined by the cache-control
headers on the top-element.</p>
<p>The time when the user-specific-element was created:</p><h3>
<?php echo "$now"; ?>
</h3><p>The user-specific page received the following Cookies:
</p><ul>
<?php
foreach( $_COOKIE as $name => $value )
print( "<li>${name} : ${value}</li>\n" );
?>
</ul>
httpheadersexample.php¶
<?php
date_default_timezone_set('UTC');
define( 'LAST_MODIFIED_STRING', 'Sat, 09 Sep 2000 22:00:00 GMT' );
// expires_date : 10s after page generation
$utc = new DateTimeZone("UTC");
$expires_date = new DateTime("now", $utc);
$expires_date->add(new DateInterval('PT10S'));
$headers = array(
'Date' => date( 'D, d M Y H:i:s', time() ),
);
if( isset( $_GET['h'] ) and $_GET['h'] !== '' )
{
switch( $_GET['h'] )
{
case "expires" :
$headers['Expires'] = toUTCDate($expires_date);
break;
case "cache-control":
$headers['Cache-Control'] = "public, must-revalidate,
max-age=3600, s-maxage=3600";
break;
case "cache-control-override":
$headers['Expires'] = toUTCDate($expires_date);
$headers['Cache-Control'] = "public, must-revalidate,
max-age=2, s-maxage=2";
break;
case "last-modified":
$headers['Last-Modified'] = LAST_MODIFIED_STRING;
$headers['Etag'] = md5( 12345 );
if( isset( $_SERVER['HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE'] ) and
$_SERVER['HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE'] == LAST_MODIFIED_STRING ) {
header( "HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified" );
exit( );
}
break;
case "vary":
$headers['Expires'] = toUTCDate($expires_date);
$headers['Vary'] = 'User-Agent';
break;
}
sendHeaders( $headers );
}
function sendHeaders( array $headerList )
{
foreach( $headerList as $name => $value )
{
header( "${name}: ${value}" );
}
}
function toUTCDate( DateTime $date )
{
$date->setTimezone( new DateTimeZone( 'UTC' ) );
return $date->format( 'D, d M Y H:i:s \G\M\T' );
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head></head>
<body>
<h1>Header fields sent:</h1>
<?php
foreach( $headers as $name => $value ) {
print "<strong>${name}</strong>: ${value}<br/>";
}
if( isset( $_SERVER['HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE'] ) ) {
print "<strong>If-Modified-Since</strong> has been
sent in the";
print "request, value : " .
$_SERVER['HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE'];
}
?>
<hr/>
<h1>Links for testing</h1>
<ol>
<li><a href="<?=$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']?>?h=expires">
Test Expires response header field</a></li>
<li><a href="<?=$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']?>?h=cache-control">
Test Cache-Control response header field</a></li>
<li><a href="<?=$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']?>?h=cache-control-override">
Test Cache-Control and Expires</a></li>
<li><a href="<?=$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']?>?h=last-modified">
Test Last-Modified/If-Modified-Since response header fields</a></li>
<li><a href="<?=$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']?>?h=vary">
Test Vary response header field</a></li>
<ol>
</body>
</html>
purgearticle.php¶
<?php
header( 'Content-Type: text/plain' );
header( 'Cache-Control: max-age=0' );
$hostname = 'localhost';
$port = 80;
$URL = '/article.php';
$debug = true;
print "Updating the article in the database ...\n";
purgeURL( $hostname, $port, $URL, $debug );
function purgeURL( $hostname, $port, $purgeURL, $debug )
{
$finalURL = sprintf(
"http://%s:%d%s", $hostname, $port, $purgeURL
);
print( "Purging ${finalURL}\n" );
$curlOptionList = array(
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,
CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST => 'PURGE',
CURLOPT_HEADER => true ,
CURLOPT_NOBODY => true,
CURLOPT_URL => $finalURL,
CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT_MS => 2000
);
$fd = false;
if( $debug == true ) {
print "\n---- Curl debug -----\n";
$fd = fopen("php://output", 'w+');
$curlOptionList[CURLOPT_VERBOSE] = true;
$curlOptionList[CURLOPT_STDERR] = $fd;
}
$curlHandler = curl_init();
curl_setopt_array( $curlHandler, $curlOptionList );
curl_exec( $curlHandler );
curl_close( $curlHandler );
if( $fd !== false ) {
fclose( $fd );
}
}
?>
test.php¶
<?php
$cc = "";
if( isset($_GET['k']) and $_GET['k'] !== '' and
isset($_GET['v']) and $_GET['v'] !== '') {
$k=$_GET['k'];
$v=$_GET['v'];
$cc = "Cache-Control: $k=$v";
header("$cc");
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head></head>
<body>
<h1>Cache-Control Header:</h1>
<?php
print "<pre>$cc</pre>\n";
?>
<hr/>
<h1>Links for testing</h1>
<form action="/test.php" method="GET">
Key: <input type="text" name="k">
Value: <input type="text" name="v">
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
set-cookie.php¶
<?php
header("Cache-Control: max-age=0");
$cc = "";
if( isset($_POST['k']) and $_POST['k'] !== '' and
isset($_POST['v']) and $_POST['v'] !== '') {
$k=$_POST['k'];
$v=$_POST['v'];
$setc = "Set-Cookie: $k=$v";
header("$setc");
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head></head>
<body>
<h1>Set-Cookie Header:</h1>
<?php
print "<pre>$setc</pre>\n";
?>
<hr/>
<h1>Links for testing</h1>
<form action="/set-cookie.php" method="POST">
Key: <input type="text" name="k">
Value: <input type="text" name="v">
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
VCL Migrator from Varnish 3 to Varnish 4¶
- varnish3to4 is a script that assists you migrating a VCL file from Varnish 3 to 4.
- Download it from https://github.com/fgsch/varnish3to4
The script aims to replace most of the syntactical changes in VCL code from Varnish 3 to Varnish 4, but it is not exhaustive. That said, you should use it under your own responsibility.
You can download the script from https://github.com/fgsch/varnish3to4. Usage and up-to-date details about the script is at the same web address.